HTML Elements - Quick Reference (and Cheat Sheet/Study Guide for Exercise #1)

Credit to Mozilla Developer Network

Block Elements for Page/Document Structure

Element Description
<address> The HTML <address> element indicates that the enclosed HTML provides contact information for a person or people, or for an organization.
<article> The HTML <article> element represents a self-contained composition in a document, page, application, or site, which is intended to be independently distributable or reusable (e.g., in syndication). Examples include: a forum post, a magazine or newspaper article, or a blog entry.
<aside> The HTML <aside> element represents a portion of a document whose content is only indirectly related to the document's main content.
<div> The HTML Content Division element (<div>) is the generic container for flow content. It has no effect on the content or layout until styled using CSS.
<footer> The HTML <footer> element represents a footer for its nearest sectioning content or sectioning root element. A footer typically contains information about the author of the section, copyright data or links to related documents.
<header> The HTML <header> element represents introductory content, typically a group of introductory or navigational aids. It may contain some heading elements but also other elements like a logo, a search form, an author name, and so on.
<hgroup> The HTML <hgroup> element represents a multi-level heading for a section of a document. It groups a set of <h1>–<h6> elements.
<main> The HTML <main> element represents the dominant content of the <body> of a document, portion of a document or application. The main content area consists of content that is directly related to or expands upon the central topic of a document, or the central functionality of an application.
<nav> The HTML <nav> element represents a section of a page whose purpose is to provide navigation links, either within the current document or to other documents. Common examples of navigation sections are menus, tables of contents, and indexes.
<section> The HTML <section> element represents a standalone section — which doesn't have a more specific semantic element to represent it — contained within an HTML document.

Block Elements for Organizing Text/Content

Element Description
<blockquote> The HTML <blockquote> Element (or HTML Block Quotation Element) indicates that the enclosed text is an extended quotation. Usually, this is rendered visually by indentation (see Notes for how to change it). A URL for the source of the quotation may be given using the cite attribute, while a text representation of the source can be given using the <cite> element.
<dd> The HTML <dd> element provides the details about or the definition of the preceding term (<dt>) in a description list (<dl>).
<dl> The HTML <dl> element represents a description list.The element encloses a list of groups of terms (specified using the <dt> element) and descriptions (provided by <dd> elements). Common uses for this element are to implement a glossary or to display metadata (a list of key-value pairs).
<dt> The HTML <dt> element specifies a term in a description or definition list, and as such must be used inside a <dl> element.
<h1>, <h2>, <h3>,
<h4>, <h5>, <h6>
The HTML <h1>–<h6> elements represent six levels of section headings. <h1> is the highest section level and <h6> is the lowest.
<hr> The HTML <hr> element represents a thematic break between paragraph-level elements (for example, a change of scene in a story, or a shift of topic with a section); historically, this has been presented as a horizontal rule or line.
<li> The HTML <li> element is used to represent an item in a list. It must be contained in a parent element: an ordered list (<ol>), an unordered list (<ul>), or a menu (<menu>). In menus and unordered lists, list items are usually displayed using bullet points. In ordered lists, they are usually displayed with an ascending counter on the left, such as a number or letter.
<ol> The HTML <ol> element represents an ordered list of items, typically rendered as a numbered list.
<p> The HTML <p> element represents a paragraph of text.
<ul> The HTML <ul> element represents an unordered list of items, typically rendered as a bulleted list.

Inline Elements for Text/Content Semantics

Element Description
<a> The HTML <a> element (or anchor element) creates a hyperlink to other web pages, files, locations within the same page, email addresses, or any other URL.
<abbr> The HTML Abbreviation element (<abbr>) represents an abbreviation or acronym; the optional title attribute can provide an expansion or description for the abbreviation.
<b> The HTML Bring Attention To element (<b>)  is used to draw the reader's attention to the element's contents, which are not otherwise granted special importance.
<bdi> The HTML BiDirectional Isolation element (<bdi>)  is used to indicate spans of text which might need to be rendered in the opposite direction than the surrounding text.
<bdo> The HTML Bidirectional Text Override element (<bdo>) overrides the current directionality of text, so that the text within is rendered in a different direction.
<br> The HTML <br> element produces a line break in text (carriage-return). It is useful for writing a poem or an address, where the division of lines is significant.
<cite> The HTML Citation element (<cite>) is used to describe a reference to a cited creative work, and must include either the title or author or the URL of that work.
<code> The HTML <code> element displays its contents styled in a fashion intended to indicate that the text is a short fragment of computer code.
<data> The HTML <data> element links a given content with a machine-readable translation. If the content is time- or date-related, the <time> element must be used.
<dfn> The HTML Definition element (<dfn>) is used to indicate the term being defined within the context of a definition phrase or sentence.
<em> The HTML <em> element marks text that has stress emphasis. The <em> element can be nested, with each level of nesting indicating a greater degree of emphasis.
<i> The HTML <i> element represents a range of text that is set off from the normal text for some reason. Some examples include technical terms, foreign language phrases, or fictional character thoughts. It is typically displayed in italic type.
<kbd> The HTML Keyboard Input element (<kbd>) represents a span of inline text denoting textual user input from a keyboard, voice input, or any other text entry device.
<mark> The HTML Mark Text element (<mark>) represents text which is marked or highlighted for reference or notation purposes, due to the marked passage's relevance or importance in the enclosing context.
<pre> The HTML <pre> element represents preformatted text which is to be presented exactly as written in the HTML file.
<q> The HTML <q> element indicates that the enclosed text is a short inline quotation. Most modern browsers implement this by surrounding the text in quotation marks.
<s> The HTML <s> element renders text with a strikethrough, or a line through it. Use the <s> element to represent things that are no longer relevant or no longer accurate. However, <s> is not appropriate when indicating document edits; for that, use the <del> and <ins> elements, as appropriate.
<samp> The HTML Sample Element (<samp>) is used to enclose inline text which represents sample (or quoted) output from a computer program.
<small> The HTML <small> element makes the text font size one size smaller (for example, from large to medium, or from small to x-small) down to the browser's minimum font size.  In HTML5, this element is repurposed to represent side-comments and small print, including copyright and legal text, independent of its styled presentation.
<span> The HTML <span> element is a generic inline container for phrasing content, which does not inherently represent anything. It can be used to group elements for styling purposes (using the class or id attributes), or because they share attribute values, such as lang.
<strong> The HTML Strong Importance Element (<strong>) indicates that its contents have strong importance, seriousness, or urgency. Browsers typically render the contents in bold type.
<sub> The HTML Subscript element (<sub>) specifies inline text which should be displayed as subscript for solely typographical reasons.
<sup> The HTML Superscript element (<sup>) specifies inline text which is to be displayed as superscript for solely typographical reasons.
<time> The HTML <time> element represents a specific period in time. It may include the datetime attribute to translate dates into machine-readable format, allowing for better search engine results or custom features such as reminders.
<u> The HTML Unarticulated Annotation element (<u>) represents a span of inline text which should be rendered in a way that indicates that it has a non-textual annotation.
<var> The HTML Variable element (<var>) represents the name of a variable in a mathematical expression or a programming context.
<wbr> The HTML <wbr> element represents a word break opportunity—a position within text where the browser may optionally break a line, though its line-breaking rules would not otherwise create a break at that location.