Many attribute the meteoric growth and diversity of the Internet to early telecommunication policies and the underlying architecture of the Net, which ensured that the network was an open, nondiscriminatory platform for all kinds of communications traffic. Common-carrier regulations of telephone industry dictated that no one company or organization could maintain monopolistic control over the network because lines of transmission were open to competitors and did not discriminate between differing types of content. Beyond this, the Internet's architecture and networking protocols — Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and Internet Protocol (IP) — were open, decentralized, and nondiscriminatory by design. The protocols treat all information as equal, favoring neither content types nor content providers. Millions of websites sprang up as a result, each with an equal opportunity to attract an audience online.
But the democratic nature and spirit of openness that characterized the birth of the Internet is in danger of disappearing. According to the FCC, the "open access" requirements of the dial-up Internet do not apply to broadband cable, satellite, and DSL companies. The FCC has defined broadband Internet access as an "information service" rather than telecommunications, effectively exempting broadband companies from the common carrier requirements of the traditional dial-up Internet. Moreover, companies such as Ellacoya Networks are already offering hardware and software packages to broadband networks that give them "Total Service Control" of their network and the ability to discriminate between users, content types, and content providers. Such network control subverts the open, nondiscriminatory nature of the Internet's guiding protocols.
Comcast has used such network control to prevent or slow down the use of peer-to-peer sharing and other traffic on its networks. But, recently the FCC bolstered the fight for network neutrality by acting against Comcast's actions. Comcast is appealing the FCC decision, setting the stage for a court-battle.
In addition to Comcast, a number of big media companies have been actively lobbying against Net Neutrality. Google (once a staunch supporter of Net Neutrality) and Verizon have teamed up to offer a kind of compromise on Net Neutrality that would exempt wireless platforms.
The FCC and Congress continue to debate rule making around Network Neutraility and the issue is far from decided.
What are the implications of an Internet without open access requirements? What is network neutrality? What are the repercussions of an Internet without Net neutrality to the use of cutting-edge broadband technologies such as file sharing, peer-to-peer communications (P2P), voice over Internet protocol (VoIP), Internet radio, podcasting, multimedia applications, video blogging, and Internet TV? Who stands to benefit and who stands to lose?
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Possible points: 35 points